Just like teachers, peers play a crucial role in shaping children’s understanding of gender roles and expectations. From the moment children start school, they are immersed in peer environments where many classmates reflect and reinforce traditional gender norms. These peer interactions become a powerful force in how children learn what behaviors are “acceptable” for their gender.

A common phenomenon in schools is gender-based social separation. Given the choice, children often prefer to interact with peers of the same gender, which can limit their exposure to diverse perspectives and reinforce gender-typical activities. This kind of segregation shapes their social experiences, leading boys and girls to engage more frequently in stereotypical forms of play. Over time, this reinforces conformity to societal gender roles.

Peers not only model gender behavior but also actively enforce it. For example, children may use teasing, ridicule, or even physical aggression to pressure others into fitting expected norms—such as mocking a boy with long hair or telling a girl she can’t play a certain sport. These peer-driven forms of social control can have long-term effects on children’s identities and behaviors.

However, peer influence doesn’t have to perpetuate inequality. With the right guidance, children can learn to challenge stereotypes and support inclusivity. Educational programs that encourage students to speak up against biased comments—like saying, “That’s not true—anyone can play!”—can help shift group dynamics in a more equitable direction.

Peer influence begins early, even before formal schooling, and it continues to shape how children view success, appearance, popularity, and appropriate behavior as they grow older. By fostering inclusive peer environments and encouraging children to respect and support one another, schools can play a significant role in breaking down harmful gender norms and promoting equality from a young age.